Questions to ponder
- What is my fantasy of "The Perfect Music Therapy Session"? What does it mean when it doesn't go as I planned/hoped/fantasized?
- What does it mean when our clients fail (about us, about our clients, about music therapy)?
- What do I see as "the rules" for how a music therapist should be, what a music therapist should do, how clients should respond, etc.? (i.e., I should never become impatient with my clients or lose my temper, it's my job to make my clients happy)
- What is a mistake? What do I mean when I say I've made a mistake?
- What kinds of mistakes concern me most (i.e., verbal, musical, interpersonal, procedural, ethical)?
- How do I handle it when I make a mistake? Do I acknowledge that I've made a mistake? Do I even recognize when I've made a mistake?
- How have mistakes I've made affected the therapy relationship?
- What am I modeling for my client(s) when I make a mistake? (i.e., do I address it directly, do I deny that I made a mistake, do I apologize for the mistake?)
- What are my fears in terms of making a mistake? What are my fantasies of what could happen if I make a mistake?
- What might my clients think if I make a mistake? (In other words, what is my fantasy of what my client(s) (will) think(s)?) How do I believe my colleagues would react?
What if making mistakes not only isn’t the end of the world
but actually helps the therapy process?
o Look at why a particular mistake is being made. Do I have a pattern of making the same mistake? (i.e., forgetting someone’s name all the time) What might that mistake be about?
o Is my mistake related to countertransference (i.e., a client reminds me of my mother) or is it more related to the client (i.e., a lot of people in this client’s life find themselves making this “mistake” with or reacting in a particular way to him/her)?
o What was going on in the session when this mistake occurred? How was I feeling about the client(s)? About how the session was going? What made me respond in the particular way that I chose?
o Did I have an expectation—about myself, about my client, or about the therapy—that I wasn’t aware of initially?
o How can I use an awareness of my mistakes to further develop the therapy relationship?
o What does it mean to me to be a “good enough” therapist?
Resources for Further Reading
Bruscia, K. (Ed.) (1998). The dynamics of music psychotherapy. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers.
Casement, P. (2002). Learning from our mistakes: Beyond dogma in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy. New York: The Guilford Press.
Casement, P. (1991). Learning from the patient. New York: The Guilford Press.
Chodron, P. (2002). Comfortable with uncertainty: 108 Teachings. Boston: Shambhala .
Dileo, C. (2000). Ethical thinking in music therapy. Cherry Hill, NJ: Jeffrey Books.
Epstein, M. (1998). Going to pieces without falling apart: A Buddhist perspective on wholeness: Lessons from meditation and psychotherapy. New York: Broadway Books.
Figley, C. R. (Ed.) (1995) Compassion fatigue: Coping with secondary traumatic stress disorder in those who treat the traumatized (Brunner/Mazel Psychosocial Stress Series). New York: Brunner/Mazel.
Forinash, M. (Ed.) (2001). Music therapy supervision. Gilsum, NH: Barcelona Publishers.
Gabbard, G. O. & Lester, E. P. (1995). Boundaries and boundary violations in psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books.
Hutto, B. (2001). Some lessons best learned from psychotherapy supervision. Retrieved: 2/4/06 from http://www.psychiatrictimes.com/p010753.html.
Kottler, J. A. (2003). On being a therapist (Third Edition). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Kottler, J. A. & Carlson, J. (2003). Bad therapy: Master therapists share their worst failures. New York: Brunner-Routledge.
Lovett, H. (1996). Learning to listen: Positive approaches and people with difficult behavior. London: Jessica Kingsley.
Mayeroff, M. (1971). On caring. New York: Harper & Row.
Misch, D. A. (2000). “Great expectations: Mistaken beliefs of beginning psychodynamic psychotherapists”. American Journal of Psychotherapy, (54)2; 172-203.
Pope, K. S., Sonne, J. L. & Holroyd, J. (1993). Sexual feelings in psychotherapy: Explorations for therapists and therapists-in-training. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
Saakvitne, K. W. & Pearlman, L. A. (1996). Transforming the pain: A workbook on vicarious traumatization. New York: W. W. Norton.
Schlesinger, H. J. (2005). Endings and beginnings: On terminating psychotherapy and psychoanalysis Hillsdale, NJ: The Analytic Press.
Skovholt, T. H. (2001). The resilient practitioner: Burnout prevention and self care strategies for counselors, therapists, teachers, and health professionals. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Van der Klift, E. & Kunc, N. (1994). Hell-bent on helping: Benevolence, friendship, and the politics of help Retrieved 9/23/05 from http://www.normemma.com/arhellbe.htm.
Weinberg, G. (1996). The heart of psychotherapy: A journey into the mind and office of the therapist at work. New York: St. Martin's Griffin.
Yalom, I. D. (2002). The gift of therapy: An open letter to a new generation of therapists and their patients. New York: Harper Collins.
Yalom, I. D. (1989). Love's executioner and other tales of psychotherapy. New York: Harper Collins.